Pain in the back and lumbar region is one of the most common complaints in medicine.It is in the second place in the number of all complaints, the second only for respiratory diseases.Many major pathologies can cause lower back pain, but very often the cause is osteochondrosis of the lumbar region.How to treat such a disease, what symptoms and signs it possesses will be considered below.
Not long ago, medical science believed that osteochondrosis in the lumbosacral department occurs exclusively due to age -related changes that brings beads and intervertebral discs.However, today the age feature is not extraordinary, lumbar spine osteochondrosis is diagnosed in patients in different age groups.So far, interruption age is considered more than 25 years
Causes of the appearance of lower back osteochondrosis
It is impossible to name the correct reason, almost always will be a comprehensive effect of various destructive factors, among which the most important ones can be distinguished:
- Adhesion to a passive lifestyleIn terms of motor activity.According to their will, immobilized people, for example, spending many hours on the computer, do not get a useful load, which is why the "corset" muscle occurs and the bead load increases.Moreover, almost always such a time is associated with a long stay in the wrong and unnatural positions.
- Hormonal background problems, leading to violations with metabolism, which affects the metabolism of the spine tissue at the lower back and contributes to destructive processes.This also involves endocrine disease.
- The presence of congenital or acquired deviations, when the skeletal muscle system undergoes certain changes.This can be reflected in increased loads on the spinal column, for example, the patient with the presence of flat feet, bending of the legs or spine.
- Chronic increased loadsAt the bottom of the back.Here, among the dangers are people with certain types of professional activity, usually associated with weight lifting.This also includes professional athletes that constantly expose their bodies with peak loads.
- Damaged meal and daily routine.This also involves regular exposure to stress.These factors are reflected in the processes of metabolism and affect the periodic restoration of their forces.
The degree of osteochondrosis of the spine
The above pathological factors gradually lead to the manifestation of the disease.However, it can manifest in different ways, being almost asymptomatic at first or with difficulty tolerant pain in late development.Consider the main scales of osteochondrosis development:
- The situation in which the core moves to the intervertebral disc.It is characterized by pain caused by irritation of the nerve roots of the fibrous ring and longitudinal ligaments.The discomfort is felt in place in the place where a damaged disc is placed.The pain can be either sharp with bastard, or dumb permanent.
- When the fibrous layer of the intervertebral disc is destroyed, there is an increase in the mobility of the spinal column elements in the area, they become unstable compared to one another.To eliminate these pathological manifestations, it is necessary to constantly maintain the muscles of this tense area, which as a result leads to chronic fatigue in the lower back.
- Next, there is a progress in the fibrous ring, which is why the nucleus comes out of the disk, forming intervertebral hernia.Such a case will be associated with the surplus of nerve ends, which is called "radical syndrome".
- The other rate of osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral department occurs with severe spine deformity in this part.There are problems with mobility, but pain syndrome, quite strange at this stage, is descended.However, you should not rejoice, this does not speak at all about the diminishing of the disease.
- The last rate is characterized by the pathological growth of bone tissue and a general deterioration in well -being.
Based on the rate of lower back osteochondrosis, certain methods of treatment are used.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis in the lower back
The main symptom is combat syndrome in the lumbar spine.At the same time, pain sensations, their localization area, and the direction in which they spread can change.This is due to the fact that based on the degree of intervertebral disc and surrounding fabrics, some nerve receptors are upset.Moreover, the role is played by the presence of extension or directly a hernia, the direction of its extension and many other factors.
The main symptoms for lumbar back osteochondrosis include:
- The presence of back pain, which has a tendency to grow with sharp mobility or, conversely, staying without a change of behavior for a long time.The pain is withdrawn if you get a horizontal position.
- Moreover, weakness in the body is likely under the abdomen, including the lower limbs, as well as a dull tendon reflex.
- There is a high probability of the presence of curvature in the lumbar spinal column.There is a classification of such curves, for example, with an accent on the right or left side, they talk about scoliosis, the lordosis is called the bending situation forward, and the kyfosis is called when bending with natural lumbar, as it was, as it was, softened.
- With a serious degree of disease development, spinal cord channels are possible, which can cause its malfunction and bring about uncontrolled urination and excrement.
Among the additional symptoms, they note:
- The presence of numbness and "coldness" of the lower back and buttocks.
- The peel skin, dry and blue in the same places.
- Damaged urination.
- Problems with a rise.
The presence of these symptoms should warn a person, you cannot shake them with one hand, this will only lead to greater neglect.In this case, you should definitely consult a doctor for accurate diagnosis and treatment.By the way, treatment can be either in a hospital and in a indoor environment, but more so for this later.
Diagnosis of the disease
In diagnosis, it is important to understand the extent to which the disease enters.The easiest way is palpation at the bottom of the back with the identification of pain areas.Typically, this method is unofficial and in addition to behavioral examinations that give a more detailed clinical view:
- By radiography, a free and widespread method, it is possible to evaluate the condition of the spine as a whole and individual beads, for example, the lumbar region under consideration.The technique is not very accurate, it only allows an indirect to understand how integral are intervertebral discs and spinal canals.
- Calculated tomographyA more accurate method to evaluate the level of damage to the discs between the vertebrae, nerve roots and canals with the spinal cord.
- Magnetic Resonance TomographyThe most accurate method gives a complete picture of the loss in detail, but it is quite expensive and inaccessible.
It should be noted that the diagnostic process is very important, as for a physician, when prescribing treatment tactics, all the details of developed osteochondrosis are important.
Complications for osteochondrosis
The main complications of pathology are hernia and extension, which necessarily arise, if you neglect treatment and allow the development of the disease from gears.Other complications may be:
- Inflammation of the sciatica.
- Spondylarthrosis.
- Schmorl hernia.
- Spondylosis.
- Problems caused by spinal channel clamps.
- Disordishes functionality disorders in the pelvis.
- Development of madness.
Treatment of lower back osteochondrosis
With the diagnosis of lumbar spine osteochondrosis, a wide range of therapy is required, the main aspects of which will be:
- Using moderate loads.
- Special drugs.
- Attraction of the spinal column.
- Manual therapy sessions.
- Physiotherapy.
- Therapeutic massages.
The concept of "treatment" for osteochondrosis means:
- Suppression of inflammation.
- Removal of pain syndrome.
- Complex to strengthen lumbar and adjacent muscle groups.
- Get rid of chronic muscle tension.
- Increasing the functionality of the organs in the pelvis.
- Normalization of blood circulation and metabolism in the pathology area.
Treatment with medication
A similar approach to the treatment of lower back osteochondrosis involves taking medication, injections of special drugs, the use of ointments and gels for external use.The main task of such medicines is to neutralize the pain and inflammatory process.
Based on the degree of osteochondrosis of the spine in the lumbar region, the following medicines may be prescribed by the doctor:
- Analgesics that have an anesthetic effect.
- Anti -inflammation preparations of non -steroidal origin.
- With muscle spasms, antispasmodics.
- Case restoration medicines, called chondroprotectors.Their effectiveness is not proven, so they are rarely used in traditional medicine.
- In the case of serious pathologies, when the above funds do not help, head to corticosteroids.
- Vitamin complexes.
In addition to these funds, the drug is described in tablets, the purpose of which is to calm the nervous system, fight stress and depression.
Treatment of physiotherapy for lower back osteochondrosis
The treatment process is rarely limited to taking pills.The pathology under consideration cannot be cured without stimulating the processes of spine restoration.For these purposes, a wide range of physiotherapeutic procedures is used, the most popular are:
- Phonoforesis.
- Diadez therapy.
- Laser therapy.
In addition, the spine should be given useful loads, simultaneously tearing it.Different types of therapeutic massage are ideal for this.It should be remembered that massage is used only for the pain removed.As a rule, it is performed as a restorative measure with the process of remission of the disease, or with chronic osteochondrosis.After massage, the muscular muscles supervised by the disease relax well, its effect will increase significantly with simultaneous heat, for example, in a bath or sauna.In the latter case, we will be the maximum effect due to additional stimulation of blood circulation in the field of pathology and surrounding areas.
Another method of physiotherapy is manual therapy.Its advantages are generally the same as massage, but in addition to such techniques, a specialist can turn the beads moved to normal position.
Therapeutic
Therapeutic gymnastics is also used as a restorative and preventive measure in the period when pain and inflammatory process have already been removed.Guarantee of the high efficiency of therapeutic exercises in the regularity of the exercises, in this case, the damaged area will constantly obtain the necessary motor activity for the self -generation of new tissues and recovery.
Surgical surgery for osteochondrosis of the lower back
Surgical surgery is an extreme measure described for serious complications.The most common of these is the intervertebral hernia when the so -called so -called "disktomia" is performed or the affected intervertebral disk removal is performed.The surgery is very effective, however, it is extreme extreme, its purpose only occurs if other methods of therapy have no results for more than 6 months.Modern medicine also offers less traumatic methods for performing such surgery, for example, a microsurgical or endoscopic method.